Body Modification Essay Example Pdf - Free Essay Example

Changing image of Asian women why these changes have occurred and investigate the effect Westernfashion imagery has on Asian women. A recent and rapidly-developing trend among an alarming number of Asian women has become a major focus of attention: the lengths to which they will go in pursuit of beauty or rather, the Western version of it. Growing numbers of Asian women are relying on artificial procedures to alter sometimes temporarily, sometimes permanently their appearances to fit an unrealistic Western ideal. At one end of the spectrum are quick cosmetic applications which may or may not have lasting side effects. At the other end are surgical procedures, ranging from minor to major, all of which pose varying degrees of risk. Whatever the procedure from applications of skin-lightening chemicals to permanent changes in tissue and bone structure, one message is very clear: white features continue to be the prevailing ideal, and for many Asian women, achieving this ideal is a goal to be attained at any cost. All of these processes from the temporary, relatively benign ones to the riskier, sometimes life-threatening procedures are actively promoted by the fashion industry. Ubiquitous advertisements link professional and personal success to women with Western, or Caucasian, features, along with a not-so-subtle message that to succeed, one must follow this Western paradigm. Furthermore, these procedures are tacitly condoned by a society which allows them to proliferate a society which allows its members to fall victim to these pressures to conform to an ideal of beauty that is unrealistic , unattainable, and of questionable worth. In their attempts to achieve this goal, Asian women risk physical health, mental well-being, and financial security often to the detriment of the lives of the friends and family who surround them. This dangerous trend must be put to an end, and that will not happen while the fashion industry continues to promote the value of Caucasian features to non-Caucasian individuals, particularly women. This paper will explore the factors that cause Asian women to feel pressured to conform to the Western ideal of beauty, as well as the cosmetic and surgical procedures they resort to in this pursuit. Finally, it will explore the complex issues raised by these societal pressures, and suggest that the key to change lies within the psyche of the Asian woman. Body Modification: A Historical Perspective Modification of the female body is nothing new; women have willed themselves to meet the prevailing modes to satisfy societal standards for years. Body modification has been practiced in a number of ways and for a variety of reasons since ancient times; it has existed on many levels for thousands of years. Historical evidence suggests that, as many as 20,000 years ago, red dye extracted from hematite was used to paint and decorate the body. After that, archaeological evidence proves that as many as 10,000 years ago, parts of animal bones, animal teeth, and colourful stones were used as adornments. The first hair grooming objects appear to have been combs, the earliest of which date back to nearly 5,000 years ago. As for mirrors, ancient people observed their image as it was reflected in pools of water. This, however, changed when the first mirror is believed to have been invented, approximately 4,500 years ago (Yaghmaie, 49-52). Society has progressed since those early d ays. One need only turn on the television or leaf through a magazine to be bombarded with all kinds of advertisements for body modification. Chemical treatments can straighten hair and change skin tone and texture. Surgical procedures can decrease or (more often) augment breast size. Unwanted fat can be removed in any number ways, ranging from dietary changes to liposuction. Some signs of ageing can be temporarily reversed with injections of Botox; others can be permanently altered, again through surgery. Body Modification Across Cultures Today in the Western world, body modification is widely practiced in all classes of society, often as a result of societal pressure to achieve perfection. However, this is not an issue unique to Western cultures: physical appearance matters across cultures, across ages, across genders. Hence, we see that Asian cultures are just as immune to societal pressures to conform. Lisa Takeuchi Cullen points out that in the past, Asia had lagged behind the West in catching the plastic surgery wave, held back by cultural hang-ups, arrested medical skills and a poorer consumer base. However, it is now clear that cosmetic surgery is enjoying increasing popularity. According to Cullen: In Taiwan, a million procedures were performed last year, double the number from five years ago. In Korea, surgeons estimate that at least one in10 adults have received some form of surgical upgrade and even tots have their eyelids done. The government of Thailand has taken to hawking plastic surgery tou rs. In Japan, non invasive procedures dubbed petite surgery have set off such a rage that top clinics are raking in $100 million a year. Thus, Asian women, including those living in their native countries as well as those in the Western world, have begun to respond in increasing numbers to the pressures of fashion. As a result, they may subject themselves to a range of procedures, pay exorbitant fees, and suffer both mental and physical pain. As Cullen points out, Asians have always suffered for beauty: Consider the ancient practice of foot binding in China, or the stacked, brass coils used to distend the necks of Karen women. In fact, some of the earliest records of reconstructive plastic surgery come from sixth century India: the Hindu medical chronicle Susruta Samhita describes how noses were recreated after being chopped off as punishment for adultery. Current practices embraced by Asian women indicate that pain continues to remain an inherent element in their ques t for physical perfection. Phoebe Eng discusses this in Warrior Lessons: An Asian American Womans Journey Into Power, explaining that operations like eye-lifts have become as common as root canals: They are the most frequently occurring plastic surgery procedure among Asian women in America. In fact, Eng notes, eye-lifts are so accepted among Asian women in cultural hubs like Los Angeles that it is not uncommon for women who have had them to let friends know proudly where they got theirs done, and for how much, and by whom (119). The second most common procedure is nose build ups, in which a section of ear cartilage, bone or plastic is surgically inserted to enlarge the nose (Eng,1999, 118-119). One of the major body issues concerning Western women is weight but this is one issue that plays a subordinate role for Asian women. According to Eng, the more prevalent issues seem to involve the facial features that make us indelible and patently Asian, and therefore different. Facial features, asserts Eng, are what most clearly and uncomfortably place Asian women outside the concept of an American norm (121). Once outside this norm, the Asian woman is seen as foreign and exotic, and all that implies (Eng 121). But what lies behind this fixation on physical attributes? Eng asserts that the definition of us as a group, whether we like it or not, bonds us more by our faces than by any particular shared set of perspectives.. She asserts that Asian women are defined, by themselves as well as by others, by a set of common physical features, and that they are define more by physical appearance than by any single set of historical experiences or political agendas (122). Thus the very features that highlight Asian women, that make them stand out as separate and unique, ultimately end up being divisive and destructive. Instead of celebrating the shared features that draw them together, many Asian women opt to instead modify them. They do this in a number of ways, and with varying success, and often with less than satisfactory results but always start out with the same ultimate goal: to break free of the physical ties to their heritage, and in effect to other Asians, in order to become more acceptable in Western society. Eng also points out that unlike other minorities such as blacks and Latinas, Asian American women do not have a strong sense of cultural identity that might give them a firmer inner sense of their own beauty and a self-respect that goes beyond appearances (122-123). Lacking this, they are more vulnerable to the over whelming outside pressures of society and of their own strong desires to succeed. Our solution up till now has been to obliterate the differences either through attempts at assimilation or, more extremely, by cosmetic alteration, asserts Eng. In this way Asian women fail to develop a framework for appreciating physical differences, so that the onus of change is societal rather than individual (Eng122). Cosmetic Alteration: Skin Tone Eng followed a survey conducted by an Asian-based lingerie company and reported the results as follows: Beijing women (already tall by Asian standards) want to be even taller. Taipei women want to be curvier they seek the classic hourglass figure. Hong Kong and Singaporean women lean towards breast augmentation. Bangkok women want wider hips. Despite these differences, Eng informs us, there was one consistent wish by all Asian sub-groups: everyone wants to be lighter (126). According to Eng makeup companies in Asia capitalize on deep-seated Light Skin Worship, marketing skin-bleaching products like UV White and Neo white (126).Advertisements for these creams generally feature a Caucasian woman basking in a halo of light, looking upward, saintly and pure (Eng 126). UV White, available only in Asia, is a much sought-after product by Asian women not only those in Asia (where the product is widely available) but also in the U.S. (where it is not). The desire for lighter skin is so deeply ingrained that it need not be advertised. The text below, from an advertisement for Neowhite, a Fairness Cream by Avon, does not sell the concept of lightening. Rather, it focuses on the advantages of this particular product, assuming the desire to lighten the skin is a given: Neo white is formulated to whiten skin without t he known harmful side effects of lesser brands. . . .There are two Neo white creams Fairness Protection Cream formulated with effective sunscreen (SPF 15) and moisturizers to keep skin fair and soft and Moisturizing Pearl Cream which his a combination of moisturizer and light tint that provides the skin with moisture and a natural, even skin tone. (125). The language of this advertisement is clearly designed for the upwardly mobile, appealing to their desire to change their appearance while satisfying their concerns about possible harmful effects to the skin. Despite the price, skin care products that boast whitening properties continue to sell, and advertisements for them are ubiquitous. Consumers will be willing to spend on premium products as long as these products are able to deliver the required results, and at greater convenience, notes Luann Theseira, adding that sales of super premium products remain largely unchanged despite their prohibitive costs. Eng also points out that whiteness also comes at a price, reiterating the connection between privilege and complexion (127). However, it may be argued that the cost goes far beyond the monetary amount of the product or service purchased; it is impossible to place a price on the physical and psychological pain suffered. Cosmetic Alteration: Focus on Eyes Using makeup to enhance ones eyes is hardly a novel concept. As noted earlier, this practice has been in effect since ancient times. Skilful use of shading can disguise perceived flaws and accentuate strong points; it can create, or at least enhance, the appearance of desired illusions, even if the effects are fleeting. It is a well-established practice. However, items such as glue and tape are not normally found in the makeup bags of Western women at least not as eye treatments. Makeup routines for Asian women who want to change the appearance of their eyes to mimic Western eyes will probably contain at least one of these items. Glue, or tape, are often used to hike up the eyelid.the skin stays folded for most of the day. Some Asian teens say they do this to make their eyes look bigger and prettier. Others would simply say it makes them look more Caucasian (Valhouli). Cosmetic Alteration: Permanent In Making the Body Beautiful: A Cultural History of Aesthetic Surgery, Sander Gilman states that Asian-American women, whose blank look is equated in American society with dullness, passivity, and lack of emotion, have their eyelids restructured, their nose bridges heightened, and the tips of their noses altered (99). In some Asian cultures, the acceptance of any surgical procedure at all is a relatively recent development. The traditional Chinese prohibition against opening the body limited all forms of surgical intervention until fairly recently (Gilman 99).Modern medicine in China is in many ways Western medicine combined with traditional methods. In Japan, plastic surgery was not even recognized until 1975, and then only for reconstructive purposes. It was not until 1978 that aesthetic surgery elective plastic surgery was sanctioned as an acceptable subspecialty (Gilman 100). However, procedures to correct the shape of the eye had been performed on a frequent an d regular basis since the end of the nineteenth century. These procedures were considered, significantly, to be within the bounds of official medical practice. In the 1930s,Gilman explains, American surgeon Henry Junius Schireson claimed that the shape of the Japanese eyelid actually impaired proper vision a claim that was totally false. However, it is significant in that it reflects again the view of Asian features as somehow inferior and in need of correction. The claim that the eyelid form has a negative impact on sight is nonsense, asserts Gilman, but he concludes that it was clearly evident that the focus of the surgery was to create beautiful women beautiful according to Western standards (102). After World War II, with the American occupation of Japan, there was a renewed interest in surgical procedures which would transform Japanese eyes into Western eyes. It was just a matter of time before the number and range of surgical procedures increased throughout Asia to include other types of physical enhancements, particularly breast augmentation. Again, here, as Gilman notes, this responded to the introduction of the Western notion of the larger breast as a sign of the erotic (103). Dr. Ichiro Kamoshita, director of Japans Hibiya Kokusai Clinic, believes that the prevalence of this type of elective surgery is a direct result of the massive advertising efforts of aesthetic salons. The advertising encourages inferiority complexes in Japanese women of all ages in fact, surgical procedures in adolescents are rising in number. There is now a pattern of presenting procedures as gifts from patents to children, especially those seen to be hindered by small eyes, a flat nose or a big face (Gilman 104). Use of the word hinder is quite telling here; the notion that Japanese features will impede an individuals future accomplishments is practically a given. Cullen notes that in Asia, surgically enhanced beauty is both a way to display wealth and a tool with which to attain it. However, advertisers continue to lure those who are less wealthy. Individuals who have strong aspirations to get ahead often succumb to the promise of upward mobility that is not-so-subtly implied in these advertisements. It is not uncommon for individuals to take out loans or empty savings accounts in order to finance these procedures. The rationale for paying such exorbitant fees is based on their belief that this will help them get ahead. Often they believe this is the only way they will get ahead. Sexual allure is also part of the advertising package: just as Asian faces require unique procedures, their bodies demand innovative operations to achieve the leggy, skinny, busty Western ideal that has become increasingly universal (Cullen). A surgeon in Seoul, Dr. Suh In Seock, has struggled to find the best way to fix an affliction the Koreans call muu-dari and the Japanese call daikon-ashi: radish-shaped calves. Liposuction has proven to b e ineffective in changing the appearance of the calves of Asian women the way it does for Western women, since the tissue to be removed is mostly muscle, not fat. Rather than accept thick calves, some Asian women will resort to the type of surgery Suh now performs exclusively. The procedure involves severing a nerve behind the knee; this, explains Suh, will eventually cause the muscle to atrophy, there by reducing its size up to 40% (Cullen). The most drastic form of surgery, it may be argued, is a surgical procedure that actually increases the patients height. In a Time Magazine feature, it was explained that this procedure originally developed in Russia to help patients with legs disfigured by accidents or birth defects, such as dwarfism (Beech2001). Though in Western hospitals the practice is limited to cases in which it is explicitly for medical conditions, in Asian countries it has become a popular and profitable procedure. Despite the exorbitant fees, the consid erable risk, the lengthy recovery time, hospitals and clinics that provide this procedure often have waiting lists of a year or more. The procedure is particularly popular with individuals who aspire to professions for which they do not meet the height requirements. In addition, it is clear that increased height is sought by those with strong drives to get ahead, particularly in Western societies. Yet this may be seen as yet another way and a drastic one at that in which Asians respond to the pressure to appear more Western. Some who have studied overseas felt inferior because of their lack of stature the article points out. A surgeon at a Beijing hospital explains that for individuals who feel disadvantaged because of their height, for them, the main purpose of the operation is not to improve their physical healthit is to help their psychological growth [Beech]. However, the value of such drastic surgery as an antidote to feelings of inferiority is fraught with ethical i ssues. The fact that many will resort to such drastic measures to have an equal footing in society speaks volumes about the tremendous pressure placed on women to meet unrealistic ideals. It is also a telling statement about the power of advertising in not only shaping but reinforcing these beliefs. In the larger framework of society, this has ominous implications for the future. Social, Legal and Moral Issues of Cosmetic Alteration Doctors Bennett Johnson and Ronald Moy explain that cultural traditions and resistance often have a profound psychological influence on the non white person who is contemplating cosmetic surgery, and these changes can be far-reaching. Changing ethnic appearance (e.g., Westernization of the Asian eye lid or reduction cheiloplasty in blacks) can cause feelings of guilt (Johnson Moy, 245). The decision to choose surgical body modification may in fact affect the entire family, particularly older family members who are less willing to understand or accept the need to conform to Western ideals: because elders play a dominant role in many non white societies, their acceptance or rejection of cosmetic procedures has a psychological influence on the ethnic patient (Johnson Moy 245). The fact that so many women continue to opt for elective surgery is especially frightening when considering the possible complications. As Johnson and Moy assert: Complications are not uncommon wi th blepharoplasty in Asians; up to 10% will require revision procedures. Complications that are of special concern with blepharoplasty in Asians include eyelid asymmetry, loss of the palpebral fold, laxity of pretarsal skin, retraction of the upper eyelid, hypertrophicscars, and excessive fat removal (257). Eng, too, writes of the side effects, which can sometimes be quite drastic, that can result from botched surgeries or infections. The procedures are more risky and complicated than beauty magazines and friends accounts let on, asserts Eng, citing post-surgical infections and permanent scars as the most common. In some cases, operations to re-contour the jaw line can cause the jaw to weaken to the point that it becomes difficult to even chew. And like any invasive surgery, the months that follow can be uncomfortable and chock-full of antibiotics, as the body attempts to heal (Eng119). The legal complications that result from surgeries which fail to produce the desired results are incredibly complex. The complexity is further deepened by the murky psychological and social issues involved in both making the decision and following through on it. Surgeries which not only fail to fulfil expectations, but also result in additional pain and suffering, are even more complicated, as well as emotionally-charged. The financial losses individuals, and sometimes their families and friends, are burdened within the wake of these procedures, are rarely compensated. Part of the problem, notes Cullen, is that, unlike the medical malpractice suits in the West, legal recourse in Asia is much more difficult to obtain. Most Asian lawyers avoid malpractice cases, writes Cullen, since so few result in victory and financial payoff. Cullen asserts that it is the bargain-hunting instinct that leads patients astray, tempting them to use unqualified cosmetic practitioners. However, bargain rates are still exorbitant sums to individuals who pour their life savings into something they view as an investment in their future, and the future of their children. People who pay high prices in the attempt however misguided to further their success, often disregard the risks that accompany the procedures. Driven to succeed, they are compelled to move on, fully cognizant of and choosing to ignore the risks. According to Cullen, elsewhere in Asia, this explosion of personal re-engineering is harder to document, because for every skilled and legitimate surgeon there seethes as warm of shady pretenders. As an example, she cites Indonesia, which has a mere 43 licensed plastic surgeons registered yet which somehow manages to perform 400 illicit procedures each week in the capital city. Another example Is Shenzhen, China, which Cullen describes as a boomtown housing thousands of unlicensed beauty-science centers. These centers cunningly target the upwardly mobile and openly vulnerable to market a new pair of eyes or anew nose as the perfect acce ssory to their new cars and new clothes. The ease and immediacy of access increase the probability that women will succumb to the pressure to undergo risky procedures in questionably safe environments, and there is little recourse available to them if the procedures fail, or worse, cause additional harm. Conclusion These murky legal issues will demand to be addressed eventually. Many believe that strict government regulations, faithfully and consistently enforced, will be the only controls on this highly-profitable industry. However, considering the fact that this industry is so profitable, government regulation will probably be along way off. In the meantime, the governments inaction suggests a tacit approval. This approval only serves to help the proliferation of unethical, unsafe surgery centers, and it further reinforces the negative messages that women are already bombarded with through advertisements. Indeed, these issues are far-reaching; steeped in cultural taboos and mired in medical complications, the root of the problem is often obscured. The plain and glaring truth, however, is that risky procedures are continually undertaken by Asian women, often with tragic and irreversible consequences, physical and psychic damage, and considerable financial loss. Benignly disguised in the language of self-improvement, the fashion industry continually bombards them with the message that this is what they must do to fit in. Essentially, the message that is so powerfully reinforced is that in order to get ahead, they must change who they areif you are an Asian woman who wants to succeed: this is your last resort. Large numbers of Asian women continue to cling to this belief that assimilation of Western features will facilitate their advancement in the world; that it will make them sexier, more successful, and of course more content. The lengths to which some of them will go to achieve this are frightening on a number of levels, as demonstrated here. It has also been made clear that selling the concept of Westernization is a profitable business: industries promoting it are largely unregulated by government, resulting in gross abuses and often tragic results. The key to change, then, lies within the psyche of the Asian woman. More and more Asian women ar e becoming aware of the manipulative methods and subliminal messages that they are bombarded with on a daily basis. This awareness is what will give them the power to decide not to buy into an unrealistic and unattainable ideal, and to take charge of their bodies and their futures.

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Essay on Never Leave a Soldier Behind - 1059 Words

Some gave all, all gave some. Millions of soldiers have deployed to the Middle East in the last ten years. For the ones that came back, life is often different after combat. Haunting dreams and memories, post-traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD, and family changes leave the soldier desperately clinging to any hope they can get. When a soldier needs help, who is there to help them? The answer should be everyone, but is that the case? Some say the United States government and the services are not doing enough to protect the soldiers from suicide, while others claim the government has it as their top priority. After the sacrifices these heroes have given, it is their right to the best services and help, to get them back to the life they†¦show more content†¦They are also making major changes in the way they operate from day to day. The army has started to make changes to deployment times; turning deployments into 9 months instead of a year, and dwell times are longer as well. Paul Boyce, a writer for the Army.Mil website insisted that, â€Å" The Army is always conducting new trainings, including yearly required suicide prevention trainings, as well as buddy cards, to make soldiers aware of the signs of suicide, and the steps to take when their comrades need help. A program such as ACE, which stands for Ask, Care, Escort helps soldiers develop life coping skills, and encourages soldiers to seek help† (Boyce). Leadership abilities in such stressful environments are critical for survival, performance, and morale of subordinates and units (Wiederhold). A new interactive video game called, Beyond the Future, will educate the soldiers about the dangers of not seeking help when they most need it. The service plans on sending out thousands of copies (Lubold). The army has also recognized that getting help is a challenge, and that the key to preventing suicide is overcoming the awkwardness of actually asking for help. Col. 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Narrative Analysis Of Frederick Douglass s Narrative

She was a field hand, and a whipping is the penalty†¦Ã¢â‚¬ : Black women’s struggles in search of happiness shown in Narrative by Frederick Douglass Being taken away from your home and family can be one of the hardest things anyone can go through. Having their identities completely taken away and begin to endure a long hard journey of survival were things blacks had to go through in the 1800’s. Narrative by Frederick Douglass is an 1845 memoir that perfectly shows the struggles of a young black man’s journey to survival after being forced into the life of slavery. Frederick Douglass describes the struggles blacks had to encounter in order to find happiness and freedom. Touching many of the aspects he had to encounter, including the many times†¦show more content†¦Not being privileged enough to know his exact age or birthday made him always wonder how different his life could have been if he could have been if he was white. These were the ones who could know who they were and lived a happy childhood, unlike him. Not only was his identity taken away from him but also the bond between him and his family. When black slaves gave birth, once their child turned one, they were taken away from their mothers to live with another old woman who was too old for fieldwork. The woman was a complete stranger and become someone like a â€Å"grandmother† figure for them. From that point on, children never get to see their mothers again. Frederick Douglass was taken away from Harriet Bailey, his mother, at a very young age and as explained by Douglass, he never saw his mother as much, enough for him to at least get to know her. The only times he did get to see her were at night. She would walk miles, without any permission, just to see her son. They would lie together and sleep until it was almost time for sunrise. â€Å"She was a field hand, and a whipping is the penalty for not being in the field at sunrise..†(Pg. 2) Never having the chance to enjoy her presence as much as he wanted or care for her when she was ill, Harriet passed away when Frederick was seven. He was not able to be there at her death nor was able to say his goodbyes. The most common form of action taken on black

The Modern Marine NCO Today Free Essays

Today’s Marine NCO has changed over the years from the past Marine NCO. An NCO today takes the knowledge from their senior NCO’s that was passed down to them and help shape the Jr. Marine today. We will write a custom essay sample on The Modern Marine NCO Today or any similar topic only for you Order Now Having respect goes a long way with Marine NCO’s but how can that be achieved if the NCO doesn’t show any themselves? A Marine NCO is like a father figure in a way, teaches junior marine what he/she needs to know in order to better themselves and make good decisions so that one day when he/she becomes and NCO they can look back and be like my NCO when I was a troop taught me and show me what it takes to be a NCO. NCO’s gain knowledge and wisdom from their seniors but also gain knowledge for their jourior marines and make themselves better. The NCO from the past was more about odering and not listening to their marines which made the Marines under their charge hate their NCO as of to now and days the NCO takes time to listen to their Marines and properly take care of their needs. As a Marine NCO, we have to set standards for others to emulate and strive to be the best and surpass their leaders. A Marine NCO is there for his/her Marines from the smallest minute problem back in the rear to being on the fron lines and helping their Marine in a battle situation. A jounior Marine will trust and respect his fellow NCO(s) if that Marine NCO takes time to understand them and help them in their situation. How to cite The Modern Marine NCO Today, Essay examples

Analysis of systems My Health Record Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Analysis of systems My Health Record. Answer: Introduction: The Commonwealth Government of Australia, has taken the initiative of My health Record. It delivers common people with an integrated platform via Internet. It is useful to view, modify, handle and record the data about health problems. The cloud-based is the term referring to resources, applications, available on the users demand by Internet from the cloud computing providers servers. A project on My Health Record, has been estimated to be created regarding moving their data towards the cloud. In this report the different non-functional needs and benefits review are analyzed. Moreover, the drawbacks of cloud solutions with the SDLC approach are also considered here. The non-functional needs: The non-functional requirements have been the qualities required to be acquired by any system. Here the constraint under which the system has been operating has been also considered. Using the FURPS+ acronym as reference, the non-functional needs are also known as ilities. The reason behind this that most of requirements have been ending with the term ility, such as availability, maintainability, reliability and many more (Botta et al., 2016). The move into the cloud computing has different benefits. It includes the reduction of the operational expenses, capital costs. It helps in raising the support for the distant employees and the mobiles. It also helps in flexibility of the infrastructure. As this cloud services are properly imposed, they will be able to alter the corporate view of the IT of the organization. This would make My Health Record, a core of expense to competitive benefits. This would likewise create positive impact on their top-line revenue. The project undertaken must ensure that the cloud service provider has been giving the services relevant for My Health record, to run their business operations. This is critical to efficiently transfer every services of IT to the cloud (Buyya, Vecchiola Selvi, 2013). To guarantee the appropriate options, various attributes under the requirements that are non-functional are needed to go through during the evaluation of the service provider. Security: One of the fundamental drawbacks in moving into external cloud is the worthless security. Since the cloud service provider has been devoid of the requirements and appropriate security controls, the security becomes compromised. (Wei et al., 2014) As a result of this cloud service providers are to seek to acquire multi-factored authentication built in the companys service with complete encryption in-transit and at-rest for content. Here the centralized security policies to manage the distant or local servers are important. Performance: It has been dealing with the process to suit the cloud architecture well to support the workloads that have been deployed on the rise of workload (Tebaa Hajji, 2014). Reliability: The business-basic administrations are extremely muddled. The business at commonly could not bear to have their administrations of IT decreasing because of the outrage affecting the business viably. The missed calls, online messages, unshared records and deferred quotes could influence top-line revue with the main issue costs. The unwavering quality has been worried about diminishing the likelihood of service outrage (Tebaa Hajji, 2014). The organization ought to look for those service providers who have minimal history of cloud blackouts. Usability: This has been diverse to rely on the recognizable proof of the customers. The customers may be the modelers or engineers, business rulers or the IT professionals. For each situation the organization needs to consider the simple use of the product. They should likewise consider how good the interfaces are outlined. The IT is no longer mystery in the organization. Or maybe, the connecting with frameworks is out there for the outside world (Tebaa Hajji, 2014). The viable planning of the framework has turned out to be more important than the before. Regarding the software interfaces, the reason to link the system and Google Big Table is needed to be established and then retrieve the data. The connection between the system and mobile gadgets deliver the mobile access into the system. Besides, the system is to be integrated with social media such as Facebook and Twitter. There have been two types of user interfaces of the system. First one is the System Administrator interface. Here the administrator gets access to the complete system. Secondly there is the Organization Administrator Interface. Here the administrators could edit and access the complete information of the company they have been controlling (Chen et al., 2015). The members in the member interface have been capable to view and upgrade the personal information. It must also include the profiles and the public pages that have not been belonging to the organization. The project is meant to be worked over Google App Engine. Hence there has been absence of specific interf ace of hardware. Those requirements which have been non-functional should be considered regarding the qualities that My Health Record would need from the information technology system along with those constraints they have been performing on. The My Health Record, would not be able to possess the complete control to do whatever they have been requiring as they move to off-premise cloud (Gai et al., 2016). This cloud is operated by the vendors. However, they are meant to be aligned to the servicing platforms delivered by them. Reviewing the solution to cloud-based: The business specialists have trusted that the pattern of distributed computing would proceed to develop and grow in advance. As this innovation has been without a doubt profitable for organizations of every size, it has not been without drawbacks. The different qualities and shortcomings with respect to the usage of distributed computing have been depicted below. Strengths: Cost effectiveness: Cloud computing is likely the most practical system to use, keeping up and refreshing. Customary desktop programming is costing associations a great deal regarding economy. Counting the licensing charges for different customers could end up being to a great degree expensive for the foundation (Hwang, Dongarra Fox, 2013). The cloud, of course, is open at more affordable rates and consequently, altogether been down the IT expenses of an organization. Additionally, there have been various one-time-installments, the pay-as-you-go and other versatile decisions open that make it especially sensible for the association being alluded to. Unlimited Storages: Securing information within the cloud gives for all intents and purposes the endless limit constrain. Hence, "My Health Record" needs worry more over the storage space shorting or growing the present storage space availability. Recovery and reinforcement: Since all the data is secured in the cloud, storing and restoring the same has been fundamentally less requesting than securing the same over physical gadgets (Hwang, Dongarra Fox, 2013). Additionally, most cloud authority associations are regularly outfitted enough to manage recovery of information. In this manner, this makes the entire methodology of support and recovery generously more clear than other regular systems for data stockpiling. Modified Software Integration: In cloud, the reconciliation of software is typically something that happens actually. This infers that My Health Record, does not need to take additional attempts to change and consolidate the applications as indicated by the inclinations. Straightforward Access to Information: At the point when the people enlist themselves in cloud, they could get to the information from wherever there is an Internet. This profitable component allows moving past time zone and geographic zone issues (Hwang, Dongarra Fox, 2013). Fast Deployment: Above all, the cloud computing delivers the upside of fast deployment. When anybody settles on this technique for working, the entire system could be totally active in a matter of two or three minutes. Clearly, the time taken here would depend on the correct kind of innovation required for My Health Record. Weaknesses: Inclined to attack: The storing of data in cloud could make The My Health Record powerless while dealing with external harms and attacks (Leymann et al., 2014). Security in Cloud: This has been one of the important problems within the cloud. Before adopting this technology, My Health Record should be aware that they could have to surrender all their sensitive information to a third-party cloud service provider. This might place the company in incredible problematic situation. Thus they need to ensure that the going for the most reliable service provider who could store there information protected. Technical Issues: Though the information in cloud could be retrieved at any time and from any place, still sometimes the network could face some break downs. My Health Record needs to be aware of the approach about how this technology has been continuously inclined to breakdowns and other technical problems (Jula, Sundararajan Othman, 2014). The SDLC approach: The SDLC or "System Development Life Cycle" or "Software Development Life Cycle" is the structure characterizing undertakings that has been to be done at each progression within the hybrid cloud computing process. Two sorts of SDLC are examined here. The predictive SDLC: Without a doubt the conspicuous and comprehended predictive approach has been the waterfall model. The term waterfall got transformed into the token predictive system. This has been for debating the advantages of adaptive versus predictive. The nature of the predictive approach has been its accentuation over network. It has been further keeping up a far reaching vision of the resolution space. Its weakness has been the steady thoroughness not yielded (Zhang et al., 2014). However there has been no reason not to procure what has been required from this framework. The adaptive SDLC: Eventually, there have been more than satisfactory in bona fide cases to exhibit that the versatile methods work in the "gigantic." The adaptive SDLC keep running from the Rapid Application Development or the RAD that basically models things into actuality, to Scrum, with its staggering reliance over group collaboration. This proceeds up to XP that takes the adaptive to the outrageous with its capability of adjustment of joined software and steady reviews. These lighter and spry frameworks make cloud computing fast (Kalloniatis et al., 2014). However they do tend to be fairly strategic, as often as possible missing the primary strategic scopes. Recommendations to the SDLC for the present venture: For the current venture the Adaptive approach is proposed. The adaptive philosophy has been otherwise called the agile approach. This is on account of they take after "Agile Manifesto" which is an accumulation of focal standards backing up iterative improvement. The SDLC has been adaptable in using Agile SDLC that has been utilizing the "IBM Rational Unified Process or SCRUM". All of these are outlined like an iterative approach for generating and quickly implement life-cycles. To bring operations on the comparative table, the application of DevOps might be utilized. This must be particularized in the system of the cloud SDLC. Conclusion: Like other field of technology the cloud computing likewise has some upsides with downsides. The advancement could demonstrate an awesome resource for the "My Health Record". However, it could likewise damage if it is abused or not seen legitimately. To put it plainly, the information as put away in big data center everywhere throughout the world, it could become the objective of attackers. Moreover, in such cases it could not be utilized appropriately by the employees of cloud service providers. The experts of "My Health Record" require guaranteeing that cloud computing never turn out to be any system utilized by some of the clients. Like different advancements in todays capitalized world, the technology of cloud has been marketed first. At that point its upsides and downsides should be remembered while implementing. References: Botta, A., De Donato, W., Persico, V., Pescap, A. (2016). Integration of cloud computing and internet of things: a survey.Future Generation Computer Systems,56, 684-700. Buyya, R., Vecchiola, C., Selvi, S. T. (2013).Mastering cloud computing: foundations and applications programming. Newnes. Chen, M., Zhang, Y., Hu, L., Taleb, T., Sheng, Z. (2015). Cloud-based wireless network: Virtualized, reconfigurable, smart wireless network to enable 5G technologies.Mobile Networks and Applications,20(6), 704-712. Choi, C., Choi, J., Kim, P. (2014). Ontology-based access control model for security policy reasoning in cloud computing.The Journal of Supercomputing,67(3), 711-722. Gai, K., Qiu, M., Zhao, H., Tao, L., Zong, Z. (2016). Dynamic energy-aware cloudlet-based mobile cloud computing model for green computing.Journal of Network and Computer Applications,59, 46-54. Grewal, R. K., Pateriya, P. K. (2013). A rule-based approach for effective resource provisioning in hybrid cloud environment. InNew Paradigms in Internet Computing(pp. 41-57). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Hu, F., Hao, Q., Bao, K. (2014). A survey on software-defined network and openflow: From concept to implementation.IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials,16(4), 2181-2206. Hwang, K., Dongarra, J., Fox, G. C. (2013).Distributed and cloud computing: from parallel processing to the internet of things. Morgan Kaufmann. Jula, A., Sundararajan, E., Othman, Z. (2014). Cloud computing service composition: A systematic literature review.Expert Systems with Applications,41(8), 3809-3824. Kalloniatis, C., Mouratidis, H., Vassilis, M., Islam, S., Gritzalis, S., Kavakli, E. (2014). Towards the design of secure and privacy-oriented information systems in the cloud: Identifying the major concepts.Computer Standards Interfaces,36(4), 759-775. Leymann, C. F. F., Retter, R., Schupeck, W., Arbitter, P. (2014). Cloud computing patterns.Springer, Wien. doi,10, 978-3. Li, J., Li, Y. K., Chen, X., Lee, P. P., Lou, W. (2015). A hybrid cloud approach for secure authorized deduplication.IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems,26(5), 1206-1216. Li, Q., Wang, Z. Y., Li, W. H., Li, J., Wang, C., Du, R. Y. (2013). Applications integration in a hybrid cloud computing environment: Modelling and platform.Enterprise Information Systems,7(3), 237-271. Lu, P., Sun, Q., Wu, K., Zhu, Z. (2015). Distributed online hybrid cloud management for profit-driven multimedia cloud computing.IEEE Transactions on Multimedia,17(8), 1297-1308. Wei, L., Zhu, H., Cao, Z., Dong, X., Jia, W., Chen, Y., Vasilakos, A. V. (2014). Security and privacy for storage and computation in cloud computing.Information Sciences,258, 371-386. Zhang, H., Jiang, G., Yoshihira, K., Chen, H. (2014). Proactive workload management in hybrid cloud computing.IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management,11(1), 90-100.